Les tables d’une base MySql se fragmentent, surtout celles qui subissent beaucoup de modifications. Comme la fragmentation d’un disque dur, cela provoque des ralentissemnets sur les accés base. Il faut donc optimiser les tables.
Pour réorganiser les lignes fragmentées et éliminer l’espace perdu par les effacements et les modifications de lignes, vous pouvez exécuter l’utilitaire myisamchk en mode de restauration :
shell> myisamchk -r tbl_name
Vous pouvez optimiser une table de la même façon que vous le faîtes avec la commande SQL OPTIMIZE TABLE. OPTIMIZE TABLE effectue une réparation de la table, et une analyse des index, puis trie l’arbre d’index pour accélérer les recherches de clés.
Pour optimiser en automatique vos tables, voici un script PHP que vous pourrez mettre en Cron. Ce script optimise seulement les tables qui en ont besoin. Inutile en effet d’optimiser toutes les tables de vos bases.
< ?php
echo '' . "\n\n";
set_time_limit( 160 );
$time = microtime();
$time = explode(' ', $time);
$time = $time[1] + $time[0];
$start = $time;
//Connection variables (A MODIFIER):
$h = 'localhost';
$u = 'root';
$p = "MON_PASSWORD";
//
$dummy_db = 'mysql';
/*The php->mysql API needs to connect to a database even when executing scripts like this.
If you got an error from this(permissions),
just replace this with the name of your database*/
$db_link = mysql_connect($h,$u,$p);
$res = mysql_db_query($dummy_db, 'SHOW DATABASES', $db_link) or die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
echo 'Found '. mysql_num_rows( $res ) . ' databases' . "\n";
$dbs = array();
while ( $rec = mysql_fetch_array($res) )
{
$dbs [] = $rec [0];
}
foreach ( $dbs as $db_name )
{
echo "Database : $db_name \n\n";
$res = mysql_db_query($dummy_db, "SHOW TABLE STATUS FROM `" . $db_name . "`", $db_link) or die('Query : ' . mysql_error());
$to_optimize = array();
while ( $rec = mysql_fetch_array($res) )
{
if ( $rec['Data_free'] > 0 )
{
$to_optimize [] = $rec['Name'];
echo $rec['Name'] . ' needs optimization' . "\n";
}
}
if ( count ( $to_optimize ) > 0 )
{
foreach ( $to_optimize as $tbl )
{
mysql_db_query($db_name, "OPTIMIZE TABLE `" . $tbl ."`", $db_link );
}
}
}
$time = microtime();
$time = explode(' ', $time);
$time = $time[1] + $time[0];
$finish = $time;
$total_time = round(($finish - $start), 6);
echo 'Parsed in ' . $total_time . ' secs' . "\n\n";
?>
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